NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science Chapter 2 Federalism

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science Chapter 2 Federalism are important for students because they help to prepare students to do better during immense pressure and at the same time make them fresh and enhances memory. By using NCERT Solutions, students will be exposed to different types of questions which will help them in their exams. By providing step-by-step solutions to questions, Chapter 2 Class 10 Political Science NCERT Solutions help students understand the concepts better and also prepare them for exams.

Class 10 Political Science NCERT Solutions are designed by expert teachers keeping in mind the CBSE curriculum and guidelines. These solutions not only help students understand the concepts better but also enable them to score good marks in the exams.

Chapter 2 Federalism Class 10 Political Science NCERT Solutions

1. Locate the following States on a blank outline political map of India: Manipur, Sikkim, Chhattisgarh and Goa.

Solution

2. Identify and shade three federal countries (other than India) on a blank outline political map of the world.

Solution

3. Point out one feature in the practice of federalism in India that is similar to and one feature that is different from that of Belgium.

Solution

Like Belgium, India also has regional and cultural differences, and many languages are spoken. So no one language is made the national language and equal importance is given to different cultures and languages.

Though in India there are central and state governments that share power, but the centre is made stronger than the states. It has more powers. In Belgium, the state governments are not subordinate to the central government.

4. What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? Explain with an example.

Solution

In Federal form of government, the power is divided between the central authority and various constituent units of the country. For example, USA. In the unitary system, there is only one level of government or if states or subdivisions are there, they are subordinate to the Central government. For example, India, Belgium.

5. State any two differences between the local government before and after the Constitutional amendment in 1992.

Solution

Through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment in 1992, few Constitutional amendments were made for the proper working of the local self-governments. Two differences between the situations before and after the constitutional amendment in 1992 are given below:

Before 1992
(i) Local self-governments had no powers to collect taxes to meet their regular needs.
(ii) There were no regular elections held in local self governments.

After 1992
(i) Local self-governments were given powers to collect taxes for meeting their needs.
(ii) It became mandatory to hold regular elections in local self governments after every 5 years.

6. Fill in the blanks:

Since the United States is a type of federation, all the constituent States have equal powers and States are ________vis-à-vis the federal government. But India is a ________ type of federation and some States have more power than others. In India, the _______ government has more powers.

Solution

Since the United States is a coming together type of the federation, all the constituent States have equal powers and States are strong vis-à-vis the federal government. But India is a holding together type of federation and some States have more power than others. In India, the central government has more powers.

7. Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India. Give an argument and an example to support any of these positions.
Sangeeta: The policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity.
Arman: the Language-based States have divided us by making everyone conscious of their language.
Harish: This policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of English over all other languages.

Solution

I agree with Sangeeta. There would have been further partition of India if the policy of accommodation had not been followed, and states had not been established based on linguistics. It is likely that if Hindi had been imposed as the national language, the South would have broken away from the North and Tamil Nadu would have become an independent country.

8. The distinguishing feature of a federal government is:
a. The national government gives some powers to the provincial governments.
b. Power is distributed among the legislature, executive and judiciary.
c. Elected officials exercise supreme power in the government.
d. Governmental power is divided between different levels of government.

Solution

d. Governmental power is divided between different levels of government.

9. A few subjects in various Lists of the Indian Constitution are given here. Group them under the Union, State and Concurrent Lists as provided in the table below.
A. Defence
B. Police
C. Agriculture
D. Education
E. Banking
F. Forests
G. Communications
H. Trade
I. Marriages

Solution

Union List
State List
Concurrent List

Solution

Union List	Defence	Communications	Banking
State List	Police	Agriculture	Trade
Concurrent List	Education	Forests	Marriages

10. Examine the following pairs that give the level of government in India and the powers of the government at that level to make laws on the subjects mentioned against each. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

State government	State List
Central government	Union List
Central and State governments	Concurrent List
Local governments	Residuary powers

Solution

Local governments

Residuary powers

12. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

List-I	List-II
Union of India	Prime Minister
State	Sarpanch
Municipal Corporation	Governor
Gram Panchayat	Mayor

Solution

List-I	List-II
Union of India	Prime Minister
State	Governor
Municipal Corporation	Mayor
Gram Panchayat	Sarpanch

12. Consider the following two statements.

In a federation, the powers of the federal and provincial governments are clearly demarcated.
India is a federation because the powers of the Union and State Governments are specified in the Constitution and they have exclusive jurisdiction on their respective subjects.
Sri Lanka is a federation because the country is divided into provinces.
India is no longer a federation because some powers of the States have been devolved to the local government bodies.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

a. A, B and C
b. A, C and D
c. A and B only
d. B and C only

Solution

(c) A and B only