NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity

If you’re finding it difficult to solve certain questions, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity will let you explore answers for those questions. NCERT Solutions are created by expert teachers who have years of experience teaching the subject. The solutions are detailed and easy to understand. With Chapter 3 Class 10 Political Science NCERT Solutions, you’ll be able to improve your problem-solving skills and score better marks in exams.

Class 10 Social Science NCERT Solutions are very much essential in steering students towards their goal. The Solutions provide step-by-step explanations to all the questions asked in the NCERT textbooks. Students can use these solutions as a reference while doing their homework or preparing for their exams.

Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity Class 10 Political Science NCERT Solutions

1. Discuss three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions.

Solution

The people’s perception of their identities: When this is singular, the accommodation of other identities becomes difficult. There won’t be any problems in the country if people realize they have multiple identities and would give priority to the national identity.

Representation of a community by political leaders: While representing a community, if politicians raise demands that are constitutional, then it is easier to accommodate those demands. The demand to give importance only to ‘Sinhala language’ and ‘Buddhism’ at the cost of Tamil-speaking Hindus and Muslims has led to civil war in Sri Lanka.

The government’s reaction: If the reasonable demands of a community are suppressed by the government, then it leads to social divisions, which in turn threaten the integrity of the country.

2. When does a social difference become a social division?

Solution

A social difference becomes a social division when it overlaps with some other social difference. For example, the Whites were rich and powerful and the Blacks were poor and homeless and discriminated against. When one kind of social difference becomes more important than the other, then it leads to division.

3. How do social divisions affect politics? Give two examples.

Solution

Political parties compete in politics. If these parties use this competition to support some social divisions, this can lead to conflict, violence, or even disintegration of a nation.

(i) One example is of Northern Ireland where religious divisions led to ethno-political conflict. Two major sects of Christianity : 53% Protestants and 44% Catholics dominate the country. The Catholics wanted Northern Ireland to join the Republic of Ireland and the Protestants wanted to remain with UK. This led to years of violence where thousands were killed. Only in 1998, peace returned when the UK government and the Nationalists reached a peace treaty and stopped all violence.

(ii) The second example is of Yugoslavia where the political parties refused to accommodate each other. Each ethno-religious group wanted to dominate the other. This resulted in the disintegration of Yugoslavia into seven independent countries.

4. _______ social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. ______ social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.

Solution

Overlapping social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. Cross-cutting social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.

5. In dealing with social divisions which one of the following statements is NOT correct about democracy?
a. Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics.
b. In a democracy, it is possible for communities to voice their grievances in a peaceful manner.
c. Democracy is the best way to accommodate social diversity.
d. Democracy always leads to the disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.

Solution

d. Democracy always leads to the disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.

6. Consider the following three statements.
A. Social divisions take place when social differences overlap.
B. It is possible that a person can have multiple identities.
C. Social divisions exist in only big countries like India.
D. Which of the statements is/are correct?
a. A, B and C
b. A and B
c. B and C
d. Only C

Solution

(b) A and B

7. Arrange the following statements in a logical sequence and select the right answers by using the code given below.
A. But all political expression of social divisions need not be always dangerous.
B. Social divisions of one kind or the other exist in most countries.
C. Parties try to win political support by appealing to social divisions.
D. Some social differences may result in social divisions.
a) D, B, C, A
b) D, B, A, C
c) D, A, C, B
d) A, B, C, D

Solution

(a) D, B, C, A

8. Among the following, which country suffered disintegration due to political fights on the basis of religious and ethnic identities?
a. Belgium
b. India
c. Yugoslavia
d. Netherlands

Solution

(c) Yugoslavia

9. Read the following passage from a famous speech by Martin Luther King Jr. in 1963. Which social division is he talking about? What are his aspirations and anxieties? Do you see a relationship between this speech and the incident in Mexico Olympics mentioned in this chapter?

“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character. Let freedom ring. And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring—when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children—black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics—will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual: ‘Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!’ I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal’.”

Solution

He is referring to racism, a division of society into Blacks and Whites, where Blacks are discriminated against because of their race.

It is his desire that his children and citizens of America live in a country free of prejudices of color, race, religion, gender, and class, where everyone is treated equally. As a father, he does not want his children or people to be judged by their skin colour, but rather appreciated or condemned based on their character.

Essentially, Martin Luther is asking for equality for Blacks, equal opportunities in life as Whites. During the Mexico Olympics, both Americans (Tommie Smith and John Carlos) made the world aware of the condition of the Blacks in the USA, their injustice, poverty, and struggle for freedom from racial prejudice. They asked for equal opportunity, respect, and the same opportunities.