MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution

MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution will help them to focus on the most important topics and to better understand the material. These are a great way to encourage learners to explore more topics and make the learning process more fun.

Chapter 9 Class 10 Science MCQs can help you identify gaps in your knowledge so that you can focus your studying on the areas that need the most work. They help you to focus on the most important information and to remember it better.

Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution Class 10 Science MCQ Questions

1. The reason why some mutations, which are harmful, do not get eliminated from gene pool is that
(a) they are recessive and carried by heterozygous individuals
(b) they are dominant and show up more frequently
(c) genetic drift occur because of a small population
(d) they have future survival value.
▶ (a) they are recessive and carried by heterozygous individuals

2. Recessive mutations are expressed
(a) always since it is a mutation
(b) in heterozygous condition
(c) neither in homozygous nor in heterozygous condition
(d) in homozygous condition.
▶ (d) in homozygous condition.

3. Which one of the following is not one of the direct conclusions that can be drawm from Mendel’s experiment?
(a) Only one parental trait is expressed
(b) Two copies of each trait is inherited in sexually reproducing orgainsm
(c) For recessive trait to be expressed, both copies should be identical.
(d) Natural selection can alter frequency of an inherited trait.
▶ (d) Natural selection can alter frequency of an inherited trait.

4. Mendel conducted his famous breeding experiments by working on
(a) Drosophila
(b) Pisum sativum
(c) Escherichia coli
(d) all of these
▶ (b) Pisum sativum

5. Which of the following is a totally impossible outcome of Mendel’s Experiment (cross breeding pure bred tall and short pea plants)
(a) 3 tall 1 short plant
(c) 8 tall and O short plants
(b) 24 tall and 8 short plants
(d) 4 tall plants and 1 medium-height plant
▶ (d) 4 tall plants and 1 medium-height plant

6. The main reason for Mendel’s success in discovering the principles of inheritance was
(a) he considered each character separately
(b) he was lucky not to encounter with linkage problem
(c) the plant was pure breeding
(d) all of these
▶ (d) all of these

7. An allele is said to be dominant if
(a) it is expressed in both homozygous and heterozygous conditions
(b) it is expressed only in second generation
(c) it is expressed only in heterozygous condition
(d) it is expressed only in homozygous condition
▶ (a) it is expressed in both homozygous and heterozygous conditions

8. Which one is a possible progeny in F2 generation of pure bred tall plant with round seed and short plant with wrinkled seeds?
(a) Tall plant with round seeds
(c) Short plant with round seed
(b) Tall plant with wrinkled seeds
(d) All of the above
▶ (d) All of the above

9. Why were pea plants more suitable than dogs for Mendel’s experiments?
(a) There were no pedigree records of dogs.
(b) Pea plants can be self-fertilised.
(c) All pea plants have only two chromosomes.
(d) Dogs have many genetic traits.
▶ (a) There were no pedigree records of dogs.

10. A section of DNA providing information for one protein is called:
(a) Nucleus
(c) Trait
(b) Chromosomes
(d) Gene
▶ (d) Gene

11. Which of the following represents the characteristic of a pleiotropic gene?
(a) Controls sexual characters.
(b) Present only in prokaryotes.
(c) Controls one character in association with the other.
(d) Control more than one character.
▶ (d) Control more than one character.

12. Who have a perfect pair of sex chromosomes?
(a) Girls only
(c) Both girls and boys
(b) Boys only
(d) It depends on many other factors
▶ (a) Girls only

13. In a dihybrid cross four phenotypes form in the ratio of 9:3:3:1, because of
(a) dominance of one phenotype in each pair of contrasting traits
(b) independent assortment of the genes of contrasting traits
(c) crossing over of genes
(d) mixed effect of dominance and independent assortment.
▶ (b) independent assortment of the genes of contrasting traits

14. Which one of the following is present in the nucleus?
(a) Gene
(c) Chromosomes
(b) DNA
(d) All of these
▶ (d) All of these

15. Amongst which of the following animals, sex of the offsprings not genetically determined?
(a) Humans
(b) Snails
(c) Birds
(d) Dogs
▶ (b) Snails

16. A true breeding tall and smooth-seeded pea plant was crossed with a true breeding dwarf and wrinkled-seeded plant. All the F, plants were tall and demonstrate
(a) principle of assortment of characters
(b) that recombination of characters appears in F2 generation
(c) that P tall plants were heterozygous
(d) that tallness was dominant over dwarfness.
▶ (d) that tallness was dominant over dwarfness.

17. In Drosophila, red eye character is dominant over white eye character. When a homozygous red-eyed individual is crossed with a homozy- gous white-eyed individual, and individuals of F1 generation are intercrossed, 12 individuals are produced. White-eyed individuals of these will be
(a) three
(c) nine
(b) six
(d) twelve
▶ (a) three

18. If we breed a group of squirrels and surgically remove their tails, then amongst the progeny of these tailless squirrels:
(a) All have no tail
(b) All have a tail
(c) Some of them have tails
(d) Cannot be determined.
▶ (b) All have a tail

19. Formation of 2 independent species due to genetic drift, geographical isolation, natural selection is specifically referred as
(a) Evolution
(b) Classification
(c) Speciation
(d) Reproduction
▶ (c) Speciation

20. With whom we associate theory of evolution?
(a) Charles Darwin
(b) Mendel
(c) Stanley Miller
(d) Harold Urey
▶ (a) Charles Darwin

21. What will be the percentage of purple stemmed plants in the F2 generation, when the F1 generation resulted due to cross breeding of green stemmed (GG) tomato plants with purple stemmed (gg) tomato plants, are self pollinated?
(a) 10%
(b) 25%
(c) 75%
(d) 50%
▶ (b) 25%

22. The information source for making proteins in the cell is the
(a) chromosome
(c) enzyme
(b) DNA
(d) nucleus
▶ (c) enzyme

23. A plant bearing purple flowers (RR) was cross pollinated with a plant bearing white flowers (rr). What would be the ratio of the plants bearing white flowers and purple flowers respectively in F2 generation when the F1 progeny were self pollinated?
(a) 1:3
(b) 3:1
(c) 1:1
(d) 2:1
▶ (a) 1:3

24. In plant, tall phenotype is dominant over dwarf phenotype, and the alleles are designated as T and t, respectively. Upon crossing one tall and one dwarf plant, total 250 plants were obtained, out of which 124 displayed tall phenotype and rest were dwarf. Thus, the genotype of the parent plants were
(a) TTx TT
(b) TTx tt
(c) Ttx Tt
(d) Tt x tt
▶ (d) Tt x tt

25. Some of the dominant traits studied by Mendel were
(a) round seed shape, green seed colour and axial flower position
(b) terminal flower position, green pod colour and inflated pod shape
(c) violet flower colour, green pod colour and round seed shape
(d) wrinkled seed shape, yellow pod colour and axial flower position.
▶ (c) violet flower colour, green pod colour and round seed shape

26. Mutation is a
(a) change that causes evolution when inherited
(b) change which affects the parents only but never inherited
(c) change which affects the offspring of F2 generation only
(d) factor responsible for plant growth.
▶ (a) change that causes evolution when inherited

27. Mendel studied seven contrasting characters for his breeding experiment with Pisum sativum. Which of the following characters did he not use?
(a) Pod colour
(b) Pod shape
(c) Leaf shape
(d) Plant height
▶ (c) Leaf shape

28. Homologous organs have
(a) Same structure, same function
(b) Different structure, different function
(c) Same structure, different function
(d) Same function, different structure
▶ (c) Same structure, different function

29. Analogous organs have
(a) Same structure, same function
(b) Different structure, different function
(c) Same structure, different function
(d) Same function, different structure
▶ (d) Same function, different structure

30. Which one of the following strongly indicates that bird and dinosaurs are closely related?
(a) They both have feathers
(c) They both reproduce
(b) They both respire
(d) They both have eyes
▶ (a) They both have feathers

31. How can we know how old fossils are:
(a) Fossils found closer to surface are recent than those found much below
(b) Detecting ratios of isotopes
(c) Studying its characteristics
(d) All of these
▶ (d) All of these

32. Wild cabbage is being cultivated for thousands of years and humans have generated broccoli, cauliflower, kala etc. from it. This is an example of
(a) Natural selection
(c) Geographic isolation
(b) Genetic drift
(d) Artificial selection
▶ (d) Artificial selection